Working principle of piston cooling fuel injector
The engine oil comes from the main oil passage of the engine, and under the pressure provided by the high-pressure oil pump
Oil source drive: The engine oil comes from the main oil passage of the engine, and under the pressure provided by the high-pressure oil pump, it is atomized and sprayed out through small spray holes in the nozzle (usually installed near the cylinder block or connecting rod, aligned with the piston skirt or inner cavity).
Heat exchange cooling: The sprayed oil comes into contact with the hot (up to 300-350 ℃) inner surface of the piston, absorbs heat through convection, and is carried away with the movement of the piston, effectively reducing the temperature at the top of the piston and suppressing thermal deformation, erosion, or cylinder pulling.
Auxiliary lubrication: Spray oil mist while supplementing the oil film between the piston ring and the cylinder wall to reduce friction and wear; Some designs also lubricate piston pins and connecting rod small head bearings.
Control mode: The basic type is normally open (spraying when the engine is running); High end models adopt electronic control nozzles (ECU adjusts opening and closing or flow rate according to speed, load, water temperature, etc., while considering heat dissipation and fuel consumption).
Key limitation: The nozzle aperture is extremely small (<1mm) and is easily blocked by carbon deposits or metal debris. Once it fails, it will quickly cause the piston to overheat and be damaged.
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